Background: In most instances the fractured bone can regenerate itself into a normal bone; however, when the bone gap or defect is beyond 2.5 times of the bone radius, the body fails to regenerate such a critical sized bone defect spontaneously. Such a defect should be treated by bone grafting, transplantation, scaffolding and tissue engineering. Due to the disadvantage of autograft, allograft, or xenograft the orthopedic scientists directed to repair the injured bone by natural or synthetic implants and bone tissue engineering. Keywords: Bone; Tissue Engineering; Regeneration; Scaffold Introduction Tissue engineering is defined as combining those branches of scientific fields in which the principles of the life knowledge and engineering are applied to regenerate, maintain, restore, or increase in the quality of tissue structure and function [17]. It is based on the understanding of regeneration and tissue formation, and production of new functional tissues [14]. The tissue engineering scientists hope to reach this purpose by combining knowledge from materials science, physics, chemistry, engineering, medicine, and biology [18]. Results: Tissue engineering needs three essential elements including mesenchymal stem cells, differentiators and/or growth factors and scaffolds. The cellular components can be obtained from an exogenous source or endogenously from the surrounding environment and are the main key elements in regenerating the defected tissue structurally and functionally. Conclusion: Studies are ongoing in many relevant fields, and it is hoped that bone disorders due to trauma, bone resections in surgery, ageing, and genetic or metabolic bone disorders to be successfully treated with novel bone regeneration methods in near future.
کلید واژگان :Bone; Tissue Engineering; Regeneration; Scaffold
ارزش ریالی : 500000 ریال
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